Seizures and epilepsy after intracerebral hemorrhage: an update

Seizures are common after intracerebral hemorrhage, occurring in 6–15% of the patients, mostly first 72 h. Their incidence reaches 30% when subclinical or non-convulsive seizures diagnosed by continuous electroencephalogram. Several risk factors for have been described including cortical location presence intraventricular total hemorrhage volume, and history alcohol abuse. may theoretically be harmful as they can lead to sudden blood pressure fluctuations, increased intracranial pressure, neuronal injury due metabolic demand. Some recent studies suggest that acute symptomatic (occurring within 7 days stroke) associated with worse functional outcome death despite accounting other known prognostic such age baseline volume. However, impact on prognosis is still debated it remains unclear if treating preventing might improved clinical outcome. Thus, currently available scientific evidence does not support routine use antiseizure medication primary prevention among patients hemorrhage. Only prospective adequately powered randomized-controlled trials will able answer whether seizure prophylaxis longer term settings beneficial